The increase of philanthropic entities in the SUS: what does this scenario reveal? / O aumento de entidades filantrópicas no SUS: o que esse cenário revela?

ABSTRACT The article analyzes aspects of the change in the legal nature of private healthcare from "for-profit" to "non-profit" entities. It is an exploratory research, supported by the policy analysis framework, focusing on secondary data from the Cadastro Nacional de Estabelecimentos de Saúde (National Registry of Health Facilities - CNES) from 2012 to 2020 and a case study. The results show an increase in these entities in all regions of the country and evidence that they behave like profit-oriented entities. The change in legal nature hides a broader process of implicit commodification of healthcare services, encouraged by state policies and related to exemptions provided by law.

RESUMO O artigo analisa aspectos da mudança da natureza jurídica de instituições privadas de assistência à saúde, de estabelecimentos "com" para "sem" fins lucrativos. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória, apoiada no referencial de análise de políticas, com foco em dados secundários, provenientes do Sistema de Cadastro Nacional de Estabelecimentos de Saúde (SCNES), de 2012 a 2020, e estudo de caso. Os resultados apresentam aumento dessas entidades em todas as regiões do país e evidências de que se comportam como estabelecimentos com fins lucrativos. A mudança de natureza jurídica oculta um processo mais amplo de mercantilização implícita dos serviços de saúde, incentivado por políticas estatais e relacionado às isenções previstas em lei.

COTOGA: participación, lucha y colectivo / COTOGA: participation, struggle and collective

Desde la creación de la Asociación Profesional Gallega de Terapeutas Ocupacionales (APGTO) en 1983, siendo la primera a nivel estatal, se luchó activamente en nuestra comunidad para tener una red organizativa fuerte y sólida que representase y defendiese los intereses de la terapia ocupacional. El camino realizado por la APGTO desembocó el 30 de octubre de 2017 al crearse el que es hoy, el Colegio Oficial de Terapeutas Ocupacionales de Galicia, una entidad pública con representación jurídica propia, organizada de manera altruista por una junta directiva liderada por terapeutas ocupacionales y creada con el fin de defender los derechos y deberes de las personas colegiadas y de la población susceptible de su intervención y, además de contribuir a la difusión y promoción de la actividad profesional de terapia ocupacional en sus diferentes ámbitos. (AU)

Since the creation of the Galician Professional Association of Occupational Therapists (APGTO) in 1983, being the first at the state level, there has been an active struggle in our community to have a strong and solid organizational network that represents and defends the interests of occupational therapy. The path followed by the APGTO ended on October 30, 2017 with the creation of what it is today, the Official College of Occupational Therapists of Galicia, a public entity with its own legal representation, altruistically organized by a board of directors led by occupational therapists and created in order to defend the rights and duties of the collegiate people and the population susceptible to their intervention and, in addition to contributing to the dissemination and promotion of the professional activity of occupational therapy in its different fields. (AU)

“Ser, hacer y llegar a ser” del consejo general de colegios de terapeutas ocupacionales (CGCTO) / Being, doing and becoming of the general council of occupational therapist colleges (GCOTC)

La nueva Junta del Consejo General de Colegios de Terapeutas Ocupacionales acabamos de embarcarnos en este nuevo desafío de seguir navegando por y para la Terapia Ocupacional. Siento que no vamos solas y que nuestro mayor deseo es que este viaje lo hagamos junto con el resto de compañeros/as terapeutas ocupacionales. Para mí, es la mejor manera de que entre todos/as podamos contribuir al crecimiento de nuestra profesión, cada uno desde su lugar, en esta realidad presente y de la mejor manera que sea posible. (AU)

The new General Council Of Occupational Therapist Colleges Board has just embarked on this new challenge of continuing to navigate through and for Occupational Therapy. I feel that we are not going alone and that our greatest wish is that we do this together with the rest of our partners occupational therapists. For me, it is the best way for all of us to contribute to the growth of our profession, each one from their place, in this present reality and in the best possible way. (AU)

Humanitarian (in)security: risk management in complex settings.

Attacks against humanitarian aid workers have received increasing attention in the media, particularly high-profile incidents such as those against the hospitals of Médecins Sans Frontières in Afghanistan, Syria, and Yemen. Concurrently, scholarly research has given rise to a number of articles, white papers, and books on humanitarian insecurity. Most of this work centres on external threats, neglecting the internal mechanisms that humanitarian organisations use to mitigate security situations. This paper builds on the existing literature by focusing on the decision-making processes of humanitarian organisations, drawing on data collected from 16 security managers or advisers. The findings reveal that several factors contribute to contextual uncertainty and complexity, including recipient perceptions, local government actions, the behaviour of other non-governmental organisations (NGOs) in the area, logistical issues, risk variance within a single location, and organisational mandate. Furthermore, the results indicate that NGOs utilise a combination of decision-making processes to determine how to manage security in high-risk environments.

Therapeutic drug monitoring in oncology: International Association of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring and Clinical Toxicology consensus guidelines for imatinib therapy.

Although therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is an important tool in guiding drug dosing for other areas of medicine including infectious diseases, cardiology, psychiatry and transplant medicine, it has not gained wide acceptance in oncology. For imatinib and other tyrosine kinase inhibitors, a flat dosing approach is utilised for management of oral chemotherapy. There are many published studies examining the correlation of blood concentrations with clinical effects of imatinib. The International Association of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring and Clinical Toxicology (IATDMCT) determined that there was a need to examine the published literature regarding utility of TDM in imatinib therapy and to develop consensus guidelines for TDM based on the available data. This article summarises the scientific evidence regarding TDM of imatinib, as well as the consensus guidelines developed by the IATDMCT.

Asia-Pacific Special Interest Group: The first ten years.

INTRODUCTION: The Asia-Pacific Special Interest Group (APSIG) was formed in 2009 by the Australian College of Physical Scientists and Engineers in Medicine (ACPSEM) to support radiation oncology services in low-to-middle income countries in our region. In 2017, APSIG moved to the ACPSEM's charity, the Better Healthcare Technology (BHT) Foundation, enabling improvement in fundraising, marketing and partnerships with like-minded organizations. METHODS: APSIG's main activity is to recruit certified medical physicists as volunteers to train local staff in countries such as Vietnam, Cambodia, Myanmar and Mongolia. APSIG also supports remote mentoring, coordinates the delivery of donated radiotherapy equipment, and brings Asia-Pacific medical physicists to Australia and New Zealand for conferences and hospital training. RESULTS: The number of APSIG volunteer assignments has been steadily increasing over the last decade. Challenges include the limited number of ACPSEM certified medical physics volunteers, the limited opportunities to train the local physicists due to their heavy workloads, and language barriers. The COVID-19 pandemic has halted volunteer assignments for now but a range of alternative means of assistance such as webinars, online tutorials and virtual meetings are planned to continue APSIG's activities. CONCLUSION: APSIG will continue to provide a support service to radiation oncology staff in the Asia-Pacific region. APSIG and the BHT Foundation's work promotes quality health care by supporting medical physicists in Asia-Pacific countries and championing better radiotherapy technology access and treatment knowledge sharing.

Reassessing the Inclusion of Race in Diagnosing Kidney Diseases: An Interim Report from the NKF-ASN Task Force.

For almost two decades, equations that use serum creatinine, age, sex, and race to eGFR have included "race" as Black or non-Black. Given considerable evidence of disparities in health and healthcare delivery in African American communities, some regard keeping a race term in GFR equations as a practice that differentially influences access to care and kidney transplantation. Others assert that race captures important non GFR determinants of serum creatinine and its removal from the calculation may perpetuate other disparities. The National Kidney Foundation (NKF) and American Society of Nephrology (ASN) established a task force in 2020 to reassess the inclusion of race in the estimation of GFR in the United States and its implications for diagnosis and subsequent management of patients with, or at risk for, kidney diseases. This interim report details the process, initial assessment of evidence, and values defined regarding the use of race to estimate GFR. We organized activities in phases: (1) clarify the problem and examine evidence, (2) evaluate different approaches to address use of race in GFR estimation, and (3) make recommendations. In phase one, we constructed statements about the evidence and defined values regarding equity and disparities; race and racism; GFR measurement, estimation, and equation performance; laboratory standardization; and patient perspectives. We also identified several approaches to estimate GFR and a set of attributes to evaluate these approaches. Building on evidence and values, the attributes of alternative approaches to estimate GFR will be evaluated in the next phases and recommendations will be made.

Once is rarely enough: can social prescribing facilitate adherence to non-clinical community and voluntary sector health services? Empirical evidence from Germany.

BACKGROUND: Non-clinical health interventions provided by the voluntary and community sector can improve patients' health and well-being and reduce pressure on primary and secondary care, but only if patients adhere to them. This study provides novel insights into the impact of doctor referrals to such services, known as social prescribing, on patients' adherence to them. METHODS: Using a negative binomial model, we analysed electronic visitor records from a community health advice and navigation service in Germany between January 2018 and December 2019 to determine whether social prescribing was associated with greater adherence to the service (measured in terms of return visits) compared to patients who self-referred. We also explored whether this effect differed according to patient characteristics. RESULTS: Based on 1734 observations, we found that social prescribing was significantly associated with a greater number of return visits compared to patient self-referrals (p < 0.05). For patients who visited the service because of psychological concerns, the effect of social prescribing was lower. For all other patient characteristics, the effect remained unchanged, suggesting relevance to all other patient groups. CONCLUSIONS: The results of our study indicate that social prescribing may be an effective way to facilitate adherence to non-clinical community and voluntary sector health services. This knowledge is important for policy makers who are deciding whether to implement or expand upon social prescribing schemes.

La tasa de Mortalidad General del Ecuador del INEC subestima erróneamente al Cáncer / The INEC General Mortality Rate of Ecuador erroneously underestimates Cancer

Introducción: La aplicación del sistema de clasificación 6-61 para obtener la tasa mortalidad dentro de las estadísticas del Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas y Censos(INEC) tiene un sesgo de contabilidad en las diferentes patologías: en casos particulares incluye categorías y subcategorías de las enfermedades oncológicas y en otros casos excluye a las categorías y solo se contabiliza la subcategoría, por este motivo, se planteó el presente estudio de bases de datos (BD) para obtener la verdadera tasa de mortalidad incluyendo las categorías excluidas. Metodología: El presente estudio es una revisión de BD de mortalidad en el Ecuador. El periodo analizado enero 1990 ­diciembre 2016, usando las BD de mortalidad en el Ecuador disponible en el sitio web del INEC. Se sumaron las categorías a las enfermedades oncológicas excluidas, según el CIE-10que le INEC no consideró como enfermedad oncológica. Resultados: La mortalidad en el Ecuador de las enfermedades oncológicas, presentada como porcentaje acumulado de 10.25% en el año 1990 y tiene un incremento progresivo hasta un 14.8% en el año 2016, lo que constituye la primera causa de muerte en todos los años del estudio. Conclusiones: El cáncer es la primera causa de muerte, no sólo debido al aporte de determinadas provincias, sino un fenómeno más amplio, posiblemente en todo el territorio del Ecuador, lo cual se asocia posiblemente a un cambio epidemiológico que corresponde a la modernidad

Introduction: The application of the 6-61 classification system to obtain the mortality rate within the statistics of the National Institute of Statistics and Censuses (INEC) has an accounting bias in the different pathologies: in particular cases it includes categories and subcategories of diseases Oncological and in other cases excludes the categories and only the subcategory is counted, for this reason, the present database study (BD) was proposed to obtain the true mortality rate including the excluded categories. Methodology: The present study is a review of the mortality database in Ecuador. The period analyzed January 1990 -December 2016, using the mortality database in Ecuador available on the INEC website. The categories were added to the excluded oncological diseases, according to the ICD-10, which the INEC did not consider as oncological disease. Results: Mortality in Ecuador from oncological diseases, presented as a cumulative percentage of 10.25% in 1990 and has a progressive increase up to 14.8% in 2016, which constitutes the first cause of death in all years of the study. Conclusions: Cancer is the leading cause of death, not only due to the contribution of certain provinces, but also a broader phenomenon, possibly throughout the entire territory of Ecuador, which is possibly associated with an epidemiological change that corresponds to modernity

Prueba diagnóstica entre la citología, biopsia por congelación e histopatología en el diagnóstico del Nódulo Tiroideo en pacientes atendidos en Solca desde el año 2009 ­2017 / Diagnostic Test between cytology, frozen biopsy and histopathology in the diagnosisof the thyroid nodule in patients treated at Solca from 2009 -2017

Introducción: La citología de nódulos tiroideos es una técnica que, evita procedimientos quirúrgicos innecesarios por lo que se lo ha determinado como primera línea dentro del algoritmo de diagnóstico, el objetivo del estudio fue determinar la sensibilidad y la especificidad de la citología y biopsia por congelación frente al estudio histopatológico en el diagnóstico de nódulos tiroideos en pacientes atendidos en Solca desde el año 2009 -2017. Métodos: Es un estudio de tipo observacional, retrospectivo y de correlación diagnóstica; los datos fueron obtenidos de las historias clínicas de pacientes intervenidos quirúrgicamente por nódulos tiroideos con biopsia por congelación, a quienes se les realizó previamente un estudio citológico en el Departamento de patología de SOLCA de la ciudad de Cuenca, Ecuador. El cálculo del tamaño de la muestra fue de 324 casos. Resultados:324 casos fueron incluidos. El 8.3% correspondió a hombres y el 91.7% a mujeres. La media de la edad fue 51.8 años; la gran mayoría provenían de la provincia Azuay con el 64.8%. En los estudios citológicos el 34.6% (112 casos)corresponden a lesiones inflamatorias benignas; el 11.1% [36 casos]a patologías malignas y 14.2% (46 casos)fueron insatisfactorios. En la biopsia por congelación el mayor porcentaje estuvo concentrado en enfermedades benignas con un 62.6% y 35.5% a lesiones malignas. Hubo 6 casos con el 1.9% en donde fue diferido el criterio diagnóstico. En el histopatológico definitivo el 60.2% (195 casos)fueron patologías benignas y el 39.8% (129 casos)fueron lesiones malignas. La sensibilidad de la PAAF frente a histopatológico es alta con un 91.79%, pero la especificidad es baja con un 51.94%. La sensibilidad y la especificidad de la biopsia por congelación frente a histopatológico es alta con un 98.97% y 90.70% respectivamente lo que le confiere una metodología óptima. Conclusiones: La PAAF de tiroides demuestra ser una metodología útil en el diagnóstico de nódulos, siempre y cuando sea realizada y observada por personal capacitado. La biopsia por congelación constituye una técnica con alta sensibilidad y especificidad que nos permite discriminar lesiones benignas de las malignas. Palabras claves: Nódulo tiroideo, Biopsia con Aguja, Servicio de Patología en Hospital, Oncología Médica, Agencias Voluntarias de Salud, Biología Celular, Biopsia con Aguja Fina

Introduction:Cytology of thyroid nodules is a technique that avoids unnecessary surgical procedures and has therefore been determined as the first line within the diagnostic algorithm.General Objective:To determine the sensitivity and specificity of cytology and freezing biopsy versus histopathological study in the diagnosis of thyroid nodules in patients treated in Solca since 2009 -2017. Methods:This is an observational, retrospective and diagnostic correlation study; the data were obtained from the clinical histories of patients surgically treated by thyroid nodules with freeze biopsy, who underwent a cytological study in the Department of pathology of the city of Cuenca, Ecuador. The calculation of the sample size was 324 cases. Results:8.3% corresponded to men and 91.7% to women. The mean age was 51.8 years; The vast majority came from the province of Azuay with 64.8%. In cytological studies, 34.6% [112 cases]correspond to benign inflammatory lesions; 11.1% [36 cases]to malignant pathologies and 14.2% [46 cases]were unsatisfactory. In the freeze biopsy the greater percentage was concentrated in benign diseases with 62.6% and 35.5% to malignant lesions. There were 6 cases with 1.9% where the diagnostic criterion was deferred. In the definitive histopathological, 60.2% [195 cases]were benign pathologies and 39.8% [129 cases]were malignant lesions. The sensitivity of FNAB to histopathological is high with 91.79%, but the specificity is low with 51.94%. The sensitivity and specificity of freezing versus histopathological biopsy is high with 98.97% and 90.70% respectively, which gives it an optimal methodology. Conclusions: Thyroid PAAF proves to be a useful methodology in the diagnosis of nodules, as long as it is performed and observed by trained personnel. Freezing biopsy is a technique with high sensitivity and specificity that allows us to discriminate benign from malignant lesions. Key words:Thyroid Nodule; Biopsy, Needle;Pathology Department, Hospital; Medical Oncology; Voluntary Health Agencies; Cell Biology; Biopsy, Fine-Needle

Apuntes sobre Historia de la Oncología en Cuba / Notes on History of Oncology in Cuba

RESUMEN Muchos son los resultados relevantes de la Oncología cubana, gracias a los médicos, científicos y académicos que siempre han estado a la vanguardia de la lucha contra el cáncer, no sólo en Cuba sino también en Latinoamérica a lo largo de más de 170 años. El pueblo cubano, con su espíritu humano y colaborador, hizo aportes que ayudaron en los momentos difíciles, donde los gobiernos trataban de limitar el presupuesto para una obra tan noble como la lucha contra el cáncer. Fue la política de salud adoptada por el gobierno revolucionario, la que permitió el acceso a la atención gratuita a todo paciente oncológico poniendo a su alcance los recursos disponibles en su lucha contra esta tenebrosa enfermedad. La creación de la Unidad Oncológica de Matanzas ha sido y es hoy una muestra de tan noble obra. Con el objetivo de exponer las características del surgimiento y desarrollo de la oncología en Cuba se realiza el presente trabajo (AU).

SUMMARY There are many relevant results of Cuban Oncology, thanks to our doctors, scientists and academics who have always been at the forefront of the fight against cancer, not only in Cuba but also in Latin America for more than 170 years. The Cuban people, with their human spirit and collaborator, made contributions that helped in difficult times, where governments tried to limit the budget for a work as noble as the fight against cancer. It was the health policy adopted by the revolutionary government, which allowed access to free care for all oncological patients, putting at their disposal the available resources in their fight against this dark disease. The creation of the Oncological Unit of Matanzas has been and is today a sample of such a noble work. With the aim of exposing the characteristics of the emergence and development of oncology in Cuba, the present work is carried out (AU).

The impact of pulse oximetry and Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) training on antibiotic prescribing practices in rural Malawi: A mixed-methods study.

BACKGROUND: The misdiagnosis of non-malarial fever in sub-Saharan Africa has contributed to the significant burden of pediatric pneumonia and the inappropriate use of antibiotics in this region. This study aims to assess the impact of 1) portable pulse oximeters and 2) Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) continued education training on the diagnosis and treatment of non-malarial fever amongst pediatric patients being treated by the Global AIDS Interfaith Alliance (GAIA) in rural Malawi. METHODS: This study involved a logbook review to compare treatment patterns between five GAIA mobile clinics in Mulanje, Malawi during April-June 2019. An intervention study design was employed with four study groups: 1) 2016 control, 2) 2019 control, 3) IMCI-only, and 4) IMCI and pulse oximeter. A total of 3,504 patient logbook records were included based on these inclusion criteria: age under five years, febrile, malaria-negative, and treated during the dry season. A qualitative questionnaire was distributed to the participating GAIA providers. Fisher's Exact Testing and odds ratios were calculated to compare the prescriptive practices between each study group and reported with 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS: The pre- and post-exam scores for the providers who participated in the IMCI training showed an increase in content knowledge and understanding (p<0.001). The antibiotic prescription rates in each study group were 75% (2016 control), 85% (2019 control), 84% (IMCI only), and 42% (IMCI + pulse oximeter) (p<0.001). An increase in pneumonia diagnoses was detected for patients who received pulse oximeter evaluation with an oxygen saturation <95% (p<0.001). No significant changes in antibiotic prescribing practices were detected in the IMCI-only group (p>0.001). However, provider responses to the qualitative questionnaires indicated alternative benefits of the training including improved illness classification and increased provider confidence. CONCLUSION: Clinics that implemented both the IMCI course and pulse oximeters exhibited a significant decrease in antibiotic prescription rates, thus highlighting the potential of this tool in combatting antibiotic overconsumption in low-resource settings. Enhanced detection of hypoxia in pediatric patients was regarded by clinicians as helpful for identifying pneumonia cases. GAIA staff appreciated the IMCI continued education training, however it did not appear to significantly impact antibiotic prescription rates and/or pneumonia diagnosis.

How do third sector organisations or charities providing health and well-being services in England implement patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs)? A qualitative interview study.

OBJECTIVES: To identify the facilitators and barriers to implementing patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) in third sector organisations (TSOs) delivering health and well-being services. DESIGN: A qualitative interview study. Participants were recruited using purposive, opportunistic and snowballing methods. Framework analysis was used. SETTING: TSOs including charities, community groups and not-for-profit organisations in England, UK. PARTICIPANTS: Thirty interviewees including service users, TSO front-line workers and managers, commissioners of TSOs and other stakeholders such as academic researchers. RESULTS: TSOs primarily used PROMs because of pressures arising from the external funding context. However, organisations often struggled to implement PROMs, rarely getting the process right first time. Facilitators for implementation included having an implementation lead committed to making it work, investing resources in data management systems and support staff and taking a collaborative approach to designing the PROMs process. The latter helped to ensure an appropriate PROMs process for the specific TSO including choosing a suitable measure and planning how data would be collected, processed and used. There was a dilemma about whether TSOs should use standardised well-being measures (eg, the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale) or design their own PROM. Not all TSOs sustained the collection and reporting of PROMs over time because this required a change in organisational culture to view PROMs as beneficial for the TSO and PROMs becoming part of front-line workers' job specifications. CONCLUSIONS: TSOs are trying to use PROMs because they feel they have no choice but often struggle with implementation. Having an implementation lead, designing an appropriate process, investing resources, training staff and taking mitigating action to address potential barriers can facilitate implementation. Some of the findings are consistent with the experiences of more clinical services so appear relevant to the implementation of PROMs irrespective of the specific context.

The Anti-Cancer League and public outreach for cancer control in Peru.

Peru's first cancer control public outreach scheme started in the 1910s, but ground to a standstill as it attained official governmental recognition in 1926 as the Liga Anti-Cancerosa (LAC). This paper explains the developments leading to that earliest effort to enlist a coalition of State health agencies, physicians, and lay people in a campaign to publicize early signs of this disease, as well as the medical and political reasons for and implications of its decline. Besides highlighting the importance of professional initiatives shaping cancer activism, contextualizing the rise and fall of the LAC calls attention to the effects that hospitalization of cancer treatment had on aspects of cancer care that were not directly treatment-related, such as public outreach.

The anti-cancer League and public outreach for cancer control in Peru / A liga Anticancerosa e a sensibilização pública ao controle do câncer na sociedade peruana

Abstract Peru's first cancer control public outreach scheme started in the 1910s, but ground to a standstill as it attained official governmental recognition in 1926 as the Liga Anti-Cancerosa (LAC). This paper explains the developments leading to that earliest effort to enlist a coalition of State health agencies, physicians, and lay people in a campaign to publicize early signs of this disease, as well as the medical and political reasons for and implications of its decline. Besides highlighting the importance of professional initiatives shaping cancer activism, contextualizing the rise and fall of the LAC calls attention to the effects that hospitalization of cancer treatment had on aspects of cancer care that were not directly treatment-related, such as public outreach.

Resumo O primeiro programa peruano de sensibilização pública para controle do câncer iniciou na década de 1910, mas arrefeceu quando reconhecido pelo governo como Liga Anticancerosa (LAC), em 1926. Este artigo aborda os avanços que conduziram aos pioneiros esforços de recrutamento de agências governamentais de saúde, médicos e leigos na divulgação sobre os primeiros sinais da doença, assim como as motivações políticas e médicas e as implicações de seu declínio. Além de assinalar a importância de iniciativas profissionais no ativismo na temática do câncer, a contextualização da ascensão e declínio da LAC chama a atenção para os reflexos da hospitalização no tratamento do câncer sobre aspectos indiretamente relacionados ao tratamento, como os esforços de sensibilização pública.

Instagram DAHW Brasil

A DAHW Brasil é uma organização não-governamental alemã, fundada em 1957, e que um ano depois registrou sua primeira atuação no Brasil. Registramos atividades atualmente em 20 países de três continentes. O ponto central de toda nossa atuação é a pessoa acometida por hanseníase, tuberculose e outras doenças negligenciadas. Em toda sua integralidade.

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A DAHW Brasil é uma organização não-governamental alemã, fundada em 1957, e que um ano depois registrou sua primeira atuação no Brasil. Registramos atividades atualmente em 20 países de três continentes. O ponto central de toda nossa atuação é a pessoa acometida por hanseníase, tuberculose e outras doenças negligenciadas. Em toda sua integralidade.

Canal Youtube Morhan

Entidade sem fins lucrativos, fundada 1981, com sede administrativa no Rio de Janeiro, presente em aproximadamente 100 comunidades pelo Brasil. Luta pelo fim do preconceito em relação aos portadores de hanseníase. Informa sobre os sintomas e quais os tipos de tratamento para a doença

Facebook Morhan

Entidade sem fins lucrativos, fundada 1981, com sede administrativa no Rio de Janeiro, presente em aproximadamente 100 comunidades pelo Brasil. Luta pelo fim do preconceito em relação aos portadores de hanseníase. Informa sobre os sintomas e quais os tipos de tratamento para a doença